| 马铃薯花杀螨活性成分分离、鉴定及其杀螨活性 |
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投稿时间：2018-05-07
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| 引用本文：王玉灵,胡冠芳,牛树君,等.马铃薯花杀螨活性成分分离、鉴定及其杀螨活性[J].农药学学报,2019,21(1):19-25. |
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| 基金项目:甘肃省农业科学院中青年基金（2018GAAS09）；国家地区科学基金（31660540）；植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室开放基金课题（SKLOF201712）；甘肃省农业科学院《农药与杂草创新团队》（2017GAAS24）；国家重点研发计划子课题《马铃薯有害生物防控农药雾化技术及参数优化验证》（2017YFD020030304） |
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| 中文摘要:以马铃薯花乙酸乙酯粗提物为分离对象，以朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus等4种叶螨为供试靶标，采用生物活性追踪法，分离得到2种具有杀螨活性的化合物（6a和2'a）。依据质谱、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱，并结合相关文献数据鉴定了其化学结构，分别为江户樱花苷（5， 7， 4'-三羟基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷）（6a）和α-卡茄碱（2'a），前者系首次从茄科植物马铃薯中分离得到。采用玻片浸渍法测定了2个化合物对朱砂叶螨等4种叶螨的触杀活性。结果表明，化合物6a（江户樱花苷）对朱砂叶螨、二斑叶螨T. urticae和山楂叶螨T. viennensis 24 h LC50值分别为461.98、338.76和732.08 mg/L，其触杀活性强于对照药剂鱼藤酮，相对毒力分别为鱼藤酮的1.17、1.52和3.07倍；化合物2'a（α-卡茄碱）对二斑叶螨和山楂叶螨24 h LC50分别为480.79和834.98 mg/L，相对毒力分别为鱼藤酮的1.07和2.69倍。可见，江户樱花苷和α-卡茄碱具有一定的杀螨活性和潜在的应用价值。 |
| 中文关键词:植物源农药 马铃薯花 活性成分 分离鉴定 江户樱花苷 卡茄碱 杀螨活性 |
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| Separation and identification of activity ingredients in potato flowers and their acaricidal activities |
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| Abstract:Two compounds, 6a and 2'a, with acaricidal activities against four species of mites using bioassay-guided methods were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of potato flowers. These two compounds were identified as prunin (5, 7, 4'-trihydroxyflavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (6a) and α-chaconine (2'a) by mass spectrometry, 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and comparison with data from literatures. The former was first isolated from the Solanaceae plant potato. We determined the contact acaricidal activities of prunin and α-chaconine against four species of mites by slide-dip method and the results demonstrated that these compounds were more effective compared to pesticide rotenone, which was the positive control. The 24 h LC50 for prunin against Tetranychus cinnabarinus, T. urticae and T. viennensis were 461.98, 338.76 and 732.08 mg/L, respectively, which were 1.17, 1.52 and 3.07 times more active than rotenone, respectively. The 24 h LC50 for α-chaconine against T. urticae and T. viennensis were 480.79 and 834.98 mg/L, respectively, the relative toxicity are 1.07 and 2.69 times higher compared to rotenone, respectively. Obviously, prunin and α-chaconine have acaricidal activities and potential application value. |
| Key words:botanical pesticides potato flowers active ingredients separation and identification prunin chaconine acaricidal activity |
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