农药和重金属复合污染物对大型溞的毒性效应 |
投稿时间:2017-05-07
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引用本文:吴慧明,陈颖,胡婷婷,等.农药和重金属复合污染物对大型溞的毒性效应[J].农药学学报,2017,19(6):716-722. |
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基金项目:浙江省自然科学基金(LY15B070008);浙江农林大学科研发展基金(2015FR013);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201610341008);浙江农林大学学生科研训练项目(113-2013200004) |
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中文摘要:农药和重金属作为水环境中两类常见的污染物,其复合污染已经对水体生态和人类生存环境构成严重威胁。作者研究了3种常用农药(毒死蜱、三唑磷、氟虫腈)及2种常见重金属(铅、镉)对大型溞的急性毒性,同时采用五因素五水平二次通用旋转组合设计方案,研究了复合污染物体系对大型溞的联合毒性效应。结果表明:毒死蜱、三唑磷、氟虫腈、铅离子和镉离子对大型溞的48 h-EC50值分别为6.30、7.27、2.17、454.97和1 175.74 μg/L;5种污染物对大型溞的毒性效应贡献值依次为镉离子 > 三唑磷 > 氟虫腈 > 毒死蜱 > 铅离子;复合污染物对大型溞的毒性呈现出一定的相加效应;当水中毒死蜱质量浓度为0.81 μg/L、三唑磷为17.22 μg/L、氟虫腈为5.65 μg/L、铅离子为83.75 μg/L、镉离子为3 793.15 μg/L时,复合污染物毒性的理论协同效应最大。研究结果可为复合污染物风险评估提供参考。 |
中文关键词:大型溞 毒死蜱 三唑磷 氟虫腈 重金属 复合污染物 联合毒性 二次通用旋转组合设计 |
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Combined toxicity of pesticide and heavy metal to Daphnia magna |
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Abstract:Pesticides and heavy metals are two common types of pollutants in aquatic environment. The combined pollution is noteworthy because they posed a serious threat to aqua ecology and living environment for human. Herein, the acute toxicities of 3 common pesticides (chlorpyrifos, triazophos and fipronil) and 2 common heavy metals (Pb and Cd) to Daphnia magna were evaluated. Their combined toxicities were also studied using five-factor quadratic general rotary unitized design. The 48 h-EC50 values of chlorpyrifos, triazophos, fipronil, Pb2+ and Cd2+ to D. magna were 6.30, 7.27, 2.17, 454.91 and 1 175.74 μg/L, respectively. The contribution of these five pollutions to combined toxicological effects following the order: Cd2+ > triazophos > fipronil > chlorpyrifos > Pb2+. Combined effects of five pollutants was observed on the survival of D. magna. Moreover, the maximum theoretical synergy appears when chlorpyrifos was 0.811 μg/L, triazophos concentration was 17.22 μg/L, fipronil was 5.65 μg/L, Pb2+ was 83.75 μg/L and Cd2+ was 3 793.15 μg/L. The data of this study can provide support for the risk assessment of composite pollutants. |
Key words:Daphnia magna chlorpyrifos triazophos fipronil heavy metal composite pollutants combined toxicity quadratic general rotary unitized design |
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