| 福建省玉米小斑病菌对异菌脲和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性及其田间防效 |
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投稿时间：2017-04-23
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| 引用本文：代玉立,甘林,阮宏椿,等.福建省玉米小斑病菌对异菌脲和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性及其田间防效[J].农药学学报,2017,19(4):434-440. |
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| 基金项目:福建省农业科学院博士启动基金（2015BS-4）；福建省自然科学基金（2016J05073）；福建省农业科学院青年科技英才百人计划项目（YC2016-4）；福建省属公益类科研院所专项（2017R1025-3） |
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| 中文摘要:为明确中国福建省玉米小斑病菌对二甲酰亚胺类和甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂的敏感性及其田间防治效果，采用菌丝生长速率法，分别测定了两类杀菌剂的代表药剂异菌脲和吡唑醚菌酯对分离自该省7个玉米产区的73株玉米小斑病菌的毒力。结果表明，供试菌株对异菌脲和吡唑醚菌酯均较为敏感，其EC50值范围分别为0.168~2.990和0.017~6.583 μg/mL，平均值分别为（1.003±0.533）和（1.437±1.490）μg/mL，其敏感性频率分布均为连续单峰曲线，符合正态分布，因此可将该平均EC50值（1.003±0.533）和（1.437±1.490）μg/mL分别作为福建省玉米小斑病菌对异菌脲和吡唑醚菌酯的敏感基线。田间防效试验表明，采用有效剂量分别为750和150 g/hm2的50%异菌脲悬浮剂（SC）和25%吡唑醚菌酯乳油（EC），分别喷施2次，对玉米小斑病的防效均较好，分别为61.51%~70.69%和69.54%~78.98%，与喷施2次有效剂量为150 g/hm2的25%丙环唑EC的防效相当，且均高于喷施2次有效剂量分别为1 875和2 000 g/hm2的75%百菌清可湿性粉剂（WP）和80%代森锰锌WP的防效。研究结果可为田间玉米小斑病化学防治有效药剂的选择与合理使用提供科学依据，同时为玉米小斑病菌对这两种药剂的田间抗药性风险评估及抗性监测奠定基础。 |
| 中文关键词:玉米小斑病菌 敏感基线 异菌脲 吡唑醚菌酯 防治效果 |
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| Sensitivity of Bipolaris maydis to iprodione and pyraclostrobin and their control efficacy against southern corn leaf blight in Fujian province |
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| Abstract:To determine the sensitivity of Bipolaris maydis to dicarboximide (DC) and quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides, and evaluate their control efficacy against southern corn leaf blight (SCLB), a total of 73 B. maydis isolates collected from seven regions in Fujian province of China were tested for their sensitivity to iprodione and pyraclostrobin (representative fungicides of DC and QoI families) using mycelial growth method. The results indicated that the tested isolates were very sensitive to iprodione and pyraclostrobin, and the EC50 value of these isolates to iprodione and pyraclostrobin were in the range of 0.168-2.990 and 0.017-6.583 μg/mL, with the mean value of (1.003±0.533) and (1.437±1.490) μg/mL, respectively. The frequency curves of iprodione and pyraclostrobin were continuous and unimodal, and followed the normal distribution. Hence, the mean EC50value of (1.003±0.533) and (1.437±1.490) μg/mL can be recognized as baseline sensitivities of B. maydis to iprodione and pyraclostrobin, respectively. Results of field trials showed that two sprays of 50% iprodione SC at 750 g a.i./hm2 and 25% pyraclostrobin EC at 150 g a.i./hm2 exhibited high efficacy for the control of SCLB, with the control efficacies ranging of 61.51%-70.69% and 69.54%-78.98%, respectively. These efficacies were as good as twice spray of 25% propiconazole EC at 150 g a.i./hm2, and significantly higher than the efficacies of reference fungicides 75% chlorothalonil WP at 1 875 g a.i./hm2 and 80% mancozeb WP at 2 000 g a.i./hm2. This study will guide the reasonable selection of fungicides for effective management of SCLB, and the resistance risk assessment and monitoring of B. maydis in the future. |
| Key words:Bipolaris maydis baseline sensitivity iprodione pyraclostrobin control efficacy |
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